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Interactive effects of dietary isoleucine and valine ratios to lysine in response to varying leucine to lysine ratios on jejunal protein expression in commercial broilers

Ventura, D., C. Almendares, R. Kriseldi, A. Corzo, R. Adhikari, J. Lee, C. Williams, C. Starkey and J. Starkey
2023

A central composite design (CCD) study was conducted to understand the relationship among dietary branched chain amino acid (BCAA) ratios and expression of proteins related to glucose and energy metabolism in the jejunum of broilers. A total of 2,592 d-old Ross 344 × 708 male broilers were randomly placed in 144 floor pens. Each pen received 1 of 15 dietary treatments in a 23 CCD with 6 center points from 20 to 35 d of age, varying in digestible ratios of isoleucine:lysine (Ile:Lys; 52 to 75), valine:lysine (Val:Lys; 64 to 87), and leucine:lysine (Leu:Lys; 110 to 185). On d 35, one bird per pen was selected, euthanized, and jejunum tissue samples were collected for protein extraction and proteomic analysis via data independent acquisition protein sequencing with a timsTOF Pro 2 LC/MS/MS and Spectronaut 15 software. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3A), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (PDHX), AMP deaminase (AMPD3), succinyl-CoA-Ketoacid-coenzyme A transferase (OXCT1), adipocyte-type fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4), and O-N-acetylglucosamine transferase subunit p110 (OGT) were identified and quantified. Protein quantification data were analyzed as a CCD using the RSREG procedure of SAS v. 9.4 with significance declared at P ≤ 0.10. The surface response model for OGT expression was significant (P = 0.028; R2 = 0.20). However, the models for GSK3A, PDHX, AMPD3, OXCT1, and FABP4 were not significant (P ≥ 0.1356) and the R2 values ≤ 0.15 did not allow for prediction of protein expression means. The coefficients for the Val:Lys ratio effect on PDHX (P = 0.09), the Leu:Lys ratio effect on PDHX (P = 0.0716) and OGT (P = 0.0763) protein expression were significant. In addition, the Ile:Lys × Leu:Lys interaction for PDHX (P = 0.0415) and the cross-product coefficient for Ile:Lys ratio effect on OGT (P = 0.0535) pro- tein expression were also significant. The expression of OGT was affected by the Leu:Lys ratio (P = 0.0511) and the Ile:Lys ratio altered GSK3A (P = 0.0633) expression.

Varying concentrations of dietary BCAA and their interactions seem to alter jejunal protein expression and may help explain the mechanisms underlying their influence on growth.