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Amino acid digestibility and digestible indispensable amino acid scores of a few protein isolates and concentrates derived from cereal grains, plant proteins, or dairy proteins

Bailey, H. and H. Stein
2020

The objective of this experiment was to determine standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acid (AA) and digestible indispensable amino acid scores (DIAAS) for brown rice protein concentrate (BRPC), pea protein concentrate (PPC), two rapeseed protein isolates (RSP-1 and RSP-2), soy protein isolate (SPI), and whey protein isolate (WPI). Seven cannulated barrows (36.51 ± 1.61 kg) were randomly allotted to a 7 × 7 Latin square design and fed a diet containing each protein as the sole source of AA. A nitrogen-free diet was also used. The DIAAS was calculated for children from 6-mo to 3-yr and persons >3-yr. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS in a randomized complete block design with pigs as the experimental unit. Among proteins, WPI had the greatest (P < 0.05) SID of all indispensable AA (IAA), except Lys and Thr, and RSP-1 had the least (P < 0.05) SID of most IAA. The SID of all AA, except Leu and Met, did not differ between RSP-2 and SPI, and the SID of all IAA, except Arg and Lys, was greater (P < 0.05) for RSP-2 than for PPC and BRPC. For DIAAS (Table 1), RSP-2 was the only protein with a DIAAS greater than 100 for children 6-mo to 3-yr, and both RSP-2 and WPI had a DIAAS greater than 100 for persons >3-yr. For both reference patterns, the DIAAS for RSP-2 and WPI was greater (P < 0.05) than for SPI. The DIAAS for RSP-1 was less (P < 0.05) than for SPI and greater (P < 0.05) than for PPC, which had a DIAAS greater (P < 0.05) than BRPC.

In conclusion, RSP-2 resulted in an excellent quality protein for persons >6-mo, and WPI is an excellent quality protein for persons >3-yr.